Melampaui Fase Penghentian Bahan Bakar Fosil: Perspektif Harfi Said Nursi dalam Mewujudkan Transisi Energi yang Berkeadilan

Fossil energy phase-out has become a central strategy in the global pursuit of carbon neutrality and net-zero emissions. Yet discussions on just energy transition remain dominated by technical, economic, and policy approaches prioritizing renewable replacement of fossil sources, often shifting extractive burdens elsewhere rather than resolving them. This generates new crises: a water crisis, as hydropower and geothermal energy demand substantial water resources; a land crisis, evident in the exploitation of forests in Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Papua for renewable development; and an ecosystem crisis, as renewable infrastructure is typically sited on forested or ecologically significant land. This paper argues these problems stem not merely from technical limitations but from a resource-centered paradigm treating nature as an economic commodity—corresponding to Said Nursi's concept of Makna Ismi. Employing qualitative library research with conceptual and normative approaches, this study analyzes Makna Harfi, Makna Ismi, maslahah, and Halal Sustainability through conceptual analysis, critical analysis, normative reconstruction, and framework development. It proposes understanding nature as a living sign (ayat) of Allah—Makna Harfi—rather than an inert object, grounding deeper scrutiny of energy transition policy. The study proposes a Harfi-Based Halal Sustainability Framework positioning Makna Harfi as the epistemological foundation and maslahah as the normative bridge for reconstructing just energy transition. Rather than rejecting technological innovation, the framework reorients technology as an instrument for public welfare, ecological justice, and intergenerational sustainability. This study contributes a novel Islamic paradigm integrating theological worldview, maqāṣid-oriented ethics, and governance principles, enriching discourse on just energy transition beyond prevailing techno-economic perspectives.